Arterial hypertension is an insidious disease, which is characterized by a persistent increase in pressure. The problem is that in many cases it is not possible to identify the ailment immediately. High blood pressure is attributed to fatigue. Symptoms such as dizziness, disturbed night sleep, and excessive fatigue are ignored. But if you start treatment in a timely manner, the disease can be successfully eliminated.
Why does the pressure rise?
Today, experts around the world still cannot clearly answer the question of why hypertension occurs. The risk group includes overweight people. The trigger mechanism for the development of the disease can be any stressful situation. Those who lead a healthy lifestyle, eat right, have a much better chance of not suffering from high blood pressure.
Of great importance is the hereditary factor. If parents suffered from hypertension, they should pay special attention to their health. This, of course, does not mean that you need to start drinking pills to reduce blood pressure for preventive purposes. But it’s still worth trying to avoid stressful situations, to overcome bad habits.
Often hypertension occurs against the background of the features of professional activity. If after a working day he feels excessive tiredness and dizziness, it makes sense to undergo an examination. It is these symptoms that may indicate that hypertension is already developing.
What to do with high blood pressure?
Many are used to thinking that hypertension is a disease of the elderly. At the same time, the younger generation simply does not pay attention to the alarming signals of the body. People under the age of forty will rarely drink pills to lower blood pressure. Meanwhile, according to studies, hypertension is getting younger every year. Today, patients up to 30 years old with a similar diagnosis are already found.
High blood pressure is a serious cause for concern at any age. The consequences of this condition can be unpredictable. In some cases, complications such as heart attack, angina pectoris, and stroke occur. To protect yourself, a person prone to the development of hypertension, in the first place, should radically change his lifestyle. It is necessary to normalize the weight, establish the daily regimen, eat right, say goodbye to bad habits. But if hypertension is already present, only medication can change the situation radically. To begin with, it is worth using light pills to reduce pressure.
How to fix the result?
The treatment of hypertension cannot be based on pressure reduction alone. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of the disease. No less important is the prevention of relapse.
The main factor that can contribute to increased pressure is the formation of cholesterol plaques in the vessels. They constrict blood vessels, as a result of which the normal functioning of the circulatory system worsens. Quality pills to lower heart pressure should lower blood cholesterol, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, normalize blood flow. Many drugs are used to prevent blood clots. For each specific patient, the doctor must select the medication individually. There are drugs with different mechanisms of action. The age of the patient, the tendency to the appearance of an allergic reaction, the general condition of the body are taken into account.
All drugs for the treatment of hypertension can be divided into five groups. These are ACE inhibitors, diuretics, β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, as well as drugs with combined effects. Diuretics are pills to lower blood pressure, which act by removing excess fluid from the body. It is also possible to normalize the state of the body by reducing the number of heart contractions. Due to this, the amount of blood passing through the organ per unit of time is significantly reduced.
The most popular today are drugs with combined action. They contain in their composition several active components. Such pills to reduce pressure not only eliminate the cause of the disease, but also significantly reduce the likelihood of relapse.
Why can’t you self-medicate?
Normalizing pressure is a complex process. Only a qualified specialist can choose high-quality treatment. Do not hope that a rapid decrease in pressure will occur. Pills will be able to give a good result temporarily if the patient does not adhere to the doctor's recommendations.
Any drugs for the treatment of hypertension are selected individually after a series of examinations. If the disease is started, it is most likely not possible to completely cure it. The patient will have to take pills to reduce blood pressure until the end of his life in order to have normal health. But even if hypertension has appeared recently, treatment will have to go strictly according to the scheme. The slightest deviation will lead to the loss of the results already obtained.
Often, patients have to use several drugs at once to normalize the pressure. This is due to the fact that individual medicines have their own mechanism of action and aimed at eliminating a specific problem. Using several drugs, the patient secures a good result. But the complex of medicines should be selected only by a specialist. What helps one patient will not always help another.
When should you start medication?
Feeling unwell in the evenings is a serious cause for concern. When the first symptoms of hypertension appear, you should consult a doctor. If the situation is not too running, you may be able to do without medication. A short rest from work, good sleep and good nutrition will contribute to better health.
It is advisable to use pills to reduce blood pressure if the tonometer shows results of 160 by 90. For patients with diabetes mellitus or kidney failure, medications can be used even with blood
pressure of 130 by 80. In rare cases, it is possible to eliminate the problem with only one drug. Doctors give preference to tablets that need to be used only once a day.
Really good results can only be given by combined treatment. Thus, it is possible not only to remove the main symptoms of the disease, but also to reduce the side effects of drug treatment due to the simultaneous influence of several mechanisms of increased pressure.
Diuretics
These are drugs that include thiazides and sulfonamides that improve urine production and output. Due to this, swelling of the vascular walls is significantly reduced, blood supply to the main organs improves. The most popular thiazides include drugs such as Cyclomethyside, Hydrochlorothiazide, and Hypothiazide. The drugs work by reducing the reverse absorption of sodium and chlorine ions in the renal tubules. Sodium with chlorine is released from the body, taking water with it. The drugs do not affect normal blood pressure .
Thiazides begin to act only a few hours after application, and the result can last for 12 hours. Doctors recommend using these pills in the morning to lower blood pressure. Reviews show that at night, diuretics cause sleep disturbance. Before important events, the use of such drugs is also not recommended.
Sulfonamides are prescribed by a doctor in combination with other drugs for severe hypertension. The most popular are such tablets as Arifon, Ravel, Indal, Acripamide. In case of diabetes mellitus, Indapamide is an excellent coping agent. This drug does not affect blood glucose.
Sulfonamides are used only once a day. In this case, the therapeutic effect will not be immediately noticeable to the patient. A significant decrease in blood pressure can occur no earlier than a week later.
Sulfonamides, like thiazides, have contraindications, as well as side effects. You can not use such drugs during pregnancy and lactation. Other medicines should be selected for people who suffer from kidney failure. Individual intolerance to the drug may occur. Side effects include dizziness, vomiting, increased anxiety, sleep disturbance, upset stool.
ACE inhibitors
These are drugs that block an enzyme that helps narrow blood vessels. In addition, blood flow to the heart is reduced. The most popular ACE inhibitors include Kapoten, Zofeopril, and Lotensin. These are effective pills to relieve pressure.
Kapoten has a positive effect on the life expectancy of elderly patients. Initially, the doctor may prescribe a minimum dose of the drug - 5 mg once a day. If a good result cannot be achieved quickly, after a week the dose is doubled. The drug "Kapoten" is not prescribed for women during pregnancy and lactation. It is also contraindicated for people with kidney failure and diabetes. Side effects include dry cough, depression, dizziness. In rare cases, a serious allergic reaction in the form of Quincke's edema may occur.
Sartans (blockers)
These are pills to reduce the pressure of a new generation. They appeared only in the 90s of the last century. Such drugs are not easy to treat hypertension. They can be used once in the event of a sharp increase in pressure. Sartans include funds “Losartan”, “Eprosartan”, “Telmisartan”, “Candesartan”.
The tool "Candesartan" is the most common drug. A rapid decrease in blood pressure by tablets occurs due to the removal of spasm of the vascular wall. After 30 minutes after taking the patient feels much better. In case of prolonged use, a lasting effect is achieved in a month. Contraindications include pregnancy, lactation, and age under 18 years. Side effects such as headache, nausea, insomnia, allergic reaction in the form of a rash may occur.
Separately, calcium channel blockers are worth noting. These are drugs that increase the tolerance of physical activity. Most often, tablets are prescribed in combination with ACE inhibitors. Calcium channel blockers can be prescribed for elderly patients who suffer from angina pectoris or heart rhythm disturbance.
Combined action drugs
Medicines that act immediately on several mechanisms that cause high blood pressure are today the most popular. These include Andipal pressure-reducing pills. They are prescribed for high rates, as well as severe spasms of blood vessels. The drug “Andipal” helps to narrow the walls of blood vessels, has analgesic and sedative effects.
Andipal is a drug that can only relieve unpleasant symptoms. Therefore, for prolonged treatment, it is not used. These are fast-acting pills to relieve pressure. Severe pain and dizziness disappears within 30 minutes after administration. A day is not allowed to use more than two tablets. If after a few days the patient’s condition does not improve, it is necessary to consult a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Alternative to pills
There are situations when pills to lower blood pressure for a number of reasons cannot be used. Do not despair. Folk remedies will help improve the condition. But they can be used only by agreement with the doctor.
Herbs give excellent results. Infusions of flowers of hawthorn or motherwort help reduce pressure within a few days after the start of regular intake. Raw materials for the preparation of infusions can be purchased at the pharmacy. Lemon juice also helps to improve the condition of the body. It is better to cook it yourself. To do this, take one lemon and squeeze the contents out of it to the maximum. So that the drink is not too acidic, it is diluted with boiled water and a teaspoon of honey is added.
Do not forget about diuretic herbs. These include leaves of burdock, birch, lingonberry, juniper, field horsetail. The withdrawal of excess fluid from the body helps to normalize blood pressure, improve well-being. Treatment with alternative methods does not harm the body at all. Herbs can be used not only to combat the disease, but also as a preventative measure.