In the article, we will consider the instructions for use for Cefazolin injections. How to breed this product correctly will also be described. The drug is a semi-synthetic antibiotic intended for parenteral administration, that is, into a vein or muscle. This medicine is made in the form of a powder intended for dilution, it is released in glass bottles. This medicine is often used in hospitals to prevent infections in the early postoperative period. This agent is usually prescribed on an outpatient basis in case of inflammation of the respiratory tract. Next, consider the instructions for using this medication. Let's start by familiarizing yourself with its composition and the main active ingredient.
The composition of the drug
According to the instructions for Cefazolin injections, the active substance of this medicine is cefazolin, which is a semisynthetic compound from the first generation of lactam cephalosporins. According to the mechanism of bactericidal action, this drug is similar to penicillins. Its active substance destroys cell walls by inhibiting biosynthesis.
The following pathogens are included in the antimicrobial spectrum of Cefazolin exposure: staphylococci along with diphtheria and Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella and so on. Resistance to this antibiotic can be shown by some anaerobes along with pseudomonads, Proteus and tubercle bacillus. In general, cephalosporins from the first generation are characterized by antimicrobial activity in relation to gram-positive microscopic organisms.
Indications for the use of the medication
As the instructions for Cefazolin injections indicate, according to the spectrum of antimicrobial activity, the drug in question is prescribed for the inflammatory process of various organs and systems. The main indications for the injection of this medicine are:
- The presence of severe localized or generalized infections in the form of peritonitis, endocarditis and sepsis.
- The presence of inflammation of the airways and sinuses caused by susceptible microscopic organisms. Particularly effective is the drug "Cefazolin" in the presence of sinusitis.
- With bacterial lesions of bones, skin and muscles.
- Against the background of inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs, including gonorrhea and syphilis.
"Cefazolin" plays a special role in the prevention of various infections. For these purposes, in hospitals often prescribed intravenous injections immediately before surgery, as well as after it.
Contraindications
What else does the instruction for Cefazolin injections tell us? Cephalosporins are among the most harmless antibiotics; they have very few restrictions on their use. The first month of the baby’s life and intolerance to lactam antibacterial drugs are considered the main ones. Since the active component of the drug passes into milk, the prescribed “Cefazolin” during breastfeeding requires the mandatory abolition of feeding. But milk must be expressed in order to maintain lactation. A careful approach requires a person to have colitis and a history of kidney failure.
Drug dosage
In accordance with the instructions for Cefazolin injections for adults, this drug can quickly be excreted from the human body, so you need to do three injections per day to maintain its necessary concentration in the blood. This medicine is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, and the course of therapy is about two weeks.
Infections of moderate severity are usually treated with intramuscular injections, which are given at eight-hour intervals. In this case, a single dose is 1 gram of antibiotic. In severe inflammation, a dosage increase of up to 4 grams per day is required, and the minimum single dose is 0.5 grams. The dosage of Cefazolin injections is described in detail in the instructions for use.
Prevention of postoperative purulent complications is carried out in several stages. People suffering from kidney failure are given reduced dosages in accordance with creatinine clearance, but the initial amount of medication should always be the maximum.
Before entering the powder is diluted, according to the instructions for injections "Cefazolin", which indicates how to properly dilute the drug with novocaine. Under stationary conditions, saline, dextrose and sodium bicarbonate in a volume of 100 milliliters are used for intravenous infusion through a dropper. Outpatient therapy is usually carried out by intramuscular injection, for which there are separate routes of administration.
Dilution of the drug
In the annotation to the drug, it is recommended to use exactly injection water. Its amount directly depends on the dosage of the antibiotic in the bottle. For example, for every 0.5 gram of powder, 2 milligrams of liquid is required for a single dose.
However, if it is 1 gram of the active component, then you can take 2.5 milliliters of solvent. But since the injections are rather painful, the doctor often advises using anesthetics for dilution.
How to breed Cefazolin injections according to the instructions?
Previously, this antibiotic was dissolved in novocaine at a rate of 5 milliliters per gram of drug powder. But today it is recommended to use another anesthetic for this purpose, namely lidocaine, which is more suitable as a solvent intended for antibacterial parenteral drugs.
When carrying out the manipulation, a bottle of medicine is required in the dosage prescribed by the doctor, an ampoule of 10 milliliters and a solution of lidocaine, and in addition, a pair of disposable syringes. The general sequence of actions will look as follows:
- Open the ampoule with the anesthetic and remove the central part of the metal cap.
- 3.5 ml of lidocaine are collected in a sterile syringe, the needle is inserted into the vial with the antibiotic (directly into the rubber stopper) and the anesthetic is poured.
- Without reaching the needle, shake the mixture vigorously so that it becomes homogeneous.
- They take the liquid back into the syringe, disconnect it from the needle and put on it another, sterile, in order to make an injection. There should be no air bubbles.
In the event that a dilution is made into two injections (for example, in a bottle of 1000 milligrams of the active ingredient, and a single dosage is 500), then 5 milliliters of lidocaine are taken, and 2.5 milliliters of the drug solution are used for injection, the rest is stored in the refrigerator until onset next time. So it is said in the instructions for use for injections of "Cefazolin" for adults.
Side effects
Due to the low level of toxicity of cephalosporins, negative reactions of the body to this drug in humans are extremely rare. The following phenomena may be observed:
- The appearance of allergies, ranging from a simple rash and itching to anaphylactic shock.
- The occurrence of dyspeptic disorders, intestinal candidiasis and liver dysfunction.
- The appearance of hematopoiesis and hemolytic anemia.
- The occurrence of malfunctions in the kidneys, and in addition, the appearance of itching on the external genital organs.
Since this medicine is used parenterally, sometimes people may develop phlebitis in the area of intravenous administration or there is pain due to the intramuscular use of the drug. This is confirmed by the instructions for use for injections "Cefazolin."
Analogues of the drug
The list of analogues to this medicine contains drugs that contain cefazolin and are analogues in the active ingredient. These drugs include Orizolin along with Amzolin, Reflin, Natsef, Atralcef, Vulmizolin, Zolin, Zolfin and Intrazolin. Next, we learn how parents of young children, doctors and adult patients respond about this drug.
Drug Reviews
Since the toxicity of this drug is low and it is allowed to prescribe, starting from the second month of life, it is considered one of the most commonly used medicines in pediatrics, for which doctors value it very much. Doctors characterize this antibiotic as a very effective tool in the fight against all kinds of dangerous infections, which is confirmed by the reviews of parents as well. Side effects, according to the assurances of parents and doctors, are rarely observed in young patients, and the disease, as a rule, recedes very quickly.
The only drawback of this medication, like all parenteral forms of medication, is the painful administration. Everyone knows that children are afraid of injections, so sometimes the use of this medication to treat babies becomes very problematic. True, according to doctors, if you dilute this powder with an anesthetic, then severe pain can be avoided.
As for adult patients, they are also quite satisfied with this medication and the effect of its treatment. True, complaints about the pain of injections from adults can also often be read in the comments.
Thus, a drug intended for injection, today is very popular and effective. We examined the instructions for use for the antibiotic "Cefazolin" in injections.